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In theology, a Deus otiosus or "idle god" is a creator god who largely retires from the world and is no longer involved in its daily operation, a central tenet of Deism. A similar concept is that of the ''deus absconditus'' or "hidden god" of Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274).〔Weber: 220〕 and Nicolaus Cusanus,〔Cusanus, Nicolaus. Nicolai de Cusa Opera Omnia. Vol. IV: Opuscula I (Deo abscondito, De quaerendo Deum, De filiatione Dei, De dato Patris luminum, Coniectura de ultimis diebus, De genesi ), ed.: P. Wilpert, Hamburgi, 1959〕〔Nikoletseas, Michael M. (2014). Deus Absconditus - The Hidden God. ISBN 978-1495336225.〕 Although Aquinas was a Catholic and not a deist, the concept of the "idle god" refer to a deity whose existence is not readily knowable by humans solely through contemplation or through the examination of divine actions. The concept of ''deus otiosus'' often suggests a god who has grown weary from involvement in this world and who has been replaced by younger, more active gods, whereas ''deus absconditus'' suggests a god who has consciously left this world to hide elsewhere. == Examples == In Sumer, the younger gods Enlil and Enki replace the ''deus otiosus'' Anu (Eliade: 57). In Greek mythology, the older gods like Uranus and Gaia make way for Cronos and Rhea who in turn are succeeded by the Olympians Zeus and Hera and company. In Vaiśeṣika school of Hinduism, early theories were atheistic/non-theistic, with universe explained as composed of eternal ''paramanu'' (atoms) of substances whose combinations and interactions explained the nature of universe.〔〔R Collins (2000), The sociology of philosophies, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674001879, page 836〕 In 1st millennium AD, the school introduced the concept of ''Ishvara'' to its atomistic naturalism philosophy.〔〔A Goel (1984), Indian philosophy: Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika and modern science, Sterling, ISBN 978-0865902787, pages 149-151〕 These later-age ancient Vaiśeṣika scholars retained their belief that substances are eternal, added ''Ishvara'' as another eternal who is also omniscient and omnipresent. ''Ishvara'' (or ''Deva'') did not create the world, according to this school of Hindu scholars, but He only created invisible laws that operate the world and then He becomes passive and lets those hidden universal laws do its thing.〔 Thus, Vaisheshika's ''Ishvara'' mirrors ''Deus otiosus'', as a God who retires after he has created the invisible laws of nature that affect it. Vaisheshika school's ''Ishvara'', states Klaus Klostermaier, can be understood as an eternal God who co-exists in the universe with eternal substances and atoms, but He "winds up the clock, and lets it run its course".〔Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism, Third Edition, State University of New York, ISBN 978-0791470824, page 337〕 Elsewhere in Hinduism, in some medieval ''puranas'', Adi Shakti appears as a ''deus otiosus''. In Baltic mythology Deivas most probably was a ''deus otiosus''.〔 (Chapter Iv ) 〕 In Christianity, Martin Luther used the notion of ''deus absconditus'' to explain the mystery and remoteness of God.〔 http://www.iep.utm.edu/l/luther.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「deus otiosus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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